Cognitive Enhancement FAQ

What is cognitive enhancement?

Cognitive enhancement is a multidimensional approach to prevent and treat cognitive (mental) decline that has been associated with aging and many degenerative diseases of aging.

What causes cognitive decline or memory loss?

Like many degenerative diseases of aging, memory loss spans a spectrum of symptoms, etiologies and prognosis. More than 55 illnesses, some non-progressive, can cause memory loss. The causes of dementias include vascular disorders, Parkinson’s disease, infections including HIV, depression, hypothyroidism, vitamin B12 deficiency, malnutrition and substance abuse.

What are the risk factors for memory loss?

There are several risk factors that interact with other biological processes to causes cognitive decline. Some of the risk factors for memory loss are increased age, family history, genetic factors, head injury, educational level, cardiovascular disease and chronic stress. The pathogenesis of cognitive decline is multifactor, yet it is clear that the final common event is the death of the brain cell.

What does a program of cognitive enhancement consist of?

Programs are multidimensional and seek to improve memory and brain function utilizing integrated therapies. The program includes nutrition enhancement through dietary modification and nutritional supplementation with such things as anti-oxidants, Phosphatidyl-serine, CoQ10, and Ginkgo Biloba. It also includes stress reduction through meditation, mind/body exercises, hormone replacement therapy, and the use of pharmaceutical agents.

What are some of the prescription medications that are used for cognitive enhancement?

There are new series of drugs known as ‘smart drugs’ as well as a category of medications known as ‘nootropics’ that are now available for use as part of an integrated program. Piracetam is a drug, which mimics neuro-growth factors and can stimulate the development of new synapses. It also helps promote interhemispheric communication. Centrophenoxime is a chemical that helps remove intracellular debris such as lipofuscian from nerve cells. Hydergine improves the oxygenation of the brain and Seligiline helps maintain the balance of neurotransmitters. Hormones such as melatonin, estrogen, DHEA and human growth hormone help to improve memory function.

What are the benefits? When should I begin a Cognitive Enhancement Program?

Memory loss is a disease that begins to affect the brain 30 – 40 years before symptoms begin. Therefore, it is important that everyone begin a program for the prevention of cognitive decline. Benefits include improvements in memory, concentration, learning ability, reduced risk of dementia and an increase in personal awareness that leads to feelings of connectedness, wisdom, maturity and greater life satisfaction.

What kind of improvement is possible and how long before I see results?

The human brain is akin to a muscle, and like a muscle, it’s either ‘use it or lose it’. In most individuals, it is possible to increase IQ 4-5% in the first year, and probably 2-3% per year afterwards. While this isn’t enough to make you feel instantly smarter, testing will demonstrate a definite improvement. You should notice better recall and clearer thinking within 2-3 weeks, and perception will be enhanced. Most importantly is the increased sense of being in control of your mental faculties and self-knowledge.